What causes multiple myeloma?
Researchers do not know exactly what triggers the gene changes that cause myeloma. What they do know is which groups have a higher risk than others. Having risk factors does not mean you will develop the disease, but it may mean careful monitoring makes sense for you.
Who is at risk for getting multiple myeloma?
No test can predict with certainty whether you will develop multiple myeloma. But some groups face a higher risk, and knowing your risk helps you and your doctor stay ahead of it.
The risk of multiple myeloma can increase for a few reasons:
- Age: older or aging adults
- Gender: men (more than women)
- Racial background: African Americans (more than other groups)
- Health history: diagnosis of MGUS or plasmacytoma
- Family history: diagnosis plasma cell neoplasms in your immediate or extended family
- Environment: exposure to harmful chemicals or radiation
How can I lower my risk of multiple myeloma?
Some risk factors, like your age and sex, cannot be changed. But if you have several risk factors, talk with your doctor. Monitoring over time can catch early signs before they become harder to treat. At Siteman, we regularly see patients with MGUS and smoldering myeloma. These are conditions that need watching, not waiting.